By | June 4, 2025

How To Avoid Pneumonia After Surgery

Avoiding pneumonia after surgery is crucial, especially since immobility, anesthesia, and pain can reduce lung function. Postoperative pneumonia is a common complication—but with the right steps, it’s often preventable.

✅ How to Avoid Pneumonia After Surgery

1. Do Deep Breathing and Coughing Exercises

  • Use an incentive spirometer if given—this helps expand your lungs.
  • Take slow, deep breaths every hour while awake.
  • Cough gently but regularly to clear mucus.

2. Get Up and Move as Soon as It’s Safe

  • Walking helps prevent fluid buildup in the lungs.
  • Even sitting up in bed or dangling your legs over the side can help early on.
  • Follow your care team’s instructions for mobility.

3. Use Pain Medication Wisely

  • Don’t let pain keep you from breathing deeply or moving.
  • Take prescribed pain meds as needed so you can cough, move, and do exercises.

4. Practice Good Oral Hygiene

  • Brush your teeth at least twice a day—even in the hospital.
  • Oral bacteria can enter the lungs and cause infection, especially if you’re lying down often.

5. Stop Smoking Before Surgery

  • Quit at least 4–6 weeks before surgery if possible.
  • Smoking increases mucus production and weakens lung defenses.

6. Keep Your Head Elevated

  • Keeping the upper body slightly raised helps prevent fluid from pooling in the lungs, especially after abdominal or chest surgery.

7. Prevent Aspiration

  • If you have trouble swallowing after surgery, alert your care team.
  • Sit upright during meals and drinks to prevent food or fluid from entering the lungs.

8. Follow All Postoperative Instructions

  • Take antibiotics as prescribed if given.
  • Use breathing support devices like CPAP if you have sleep apnea.

9. Report Symptoms Early

  • Tell your doctor if you notice:
    • Shortness of breath
    • Fever
    • Cough with yellow or green mucus
    • Chest pain