How To Avoid Endocarditis

How To Avoid Endocarditis

Endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart (endocardium) or heart valves, often caused by bacteria or other germs entering the bloodstream and attaching to the heart. It’s a serious condition, but there are steps you can take to reduce your risk, especially if you have certain health conditions that predispose you to it.

✅ How to Avoid Endocarditis:

1. Maintain Good Oral Hygiene

• Dental health is critical because bacteria from the mouth can enter the bloodstream and travel to the heart.
  • Brush your teeth twice a day with fluoride toothpaste.
  • Floss regularly to remove plaque between teeth.
  • Visit your dentist for checkups and cleanings at least twice a year.
  • Avoid gum disease and treat cavities promptly.

2. Prevent and Treat Infections Promptly

• Infections in other parts of the body, like skin infections or urinary tract infections, can spread bacteria to the heart.
  • Always complete prescribed antibiotics for infections to prevent them from spreading.
  • Keep cuts and wounds clean, and use antiseptic ointment to prevent infection.
  • Practice good hygiene: Wash hands regularly, especially before meals or handling wounds.

3. Manage Existing Heart Conditions

• People with certain heart conditions are at higher risk for endocarditis.
  • If you have congenital heart defects, prosthetic heart valves, or a history of heart surgery, talk to your doctor about special precautions you may need to take.
  • Make sure heart valves are functioning properly and undergo regular follow-up exams.
  • Antibiotic prophylaxis may be prescribed before certain medical or dental procedures to reduce infection risk, particularly if you have high-risk conditions.

4. Be Cautious with Intravenous Drug Use

• Intravenous drug use increases the risk of bacterial infections entering the bloodstream, potentially causing endocarditis.
  • If you use intravenous drugs, seek help for substance abuse and use clean, sterile needles if you continue.
  • Avoid sharing needles or other drug-related equipment.

5. Monitor Catheters or Medical Devices

• Long-term use of catheters or other medical devices can provide a pathway for bacteria to enter the bloodstream.
  • Ensure proper care of medical devices like central venous catheters, pacemakers, or dialysis ports.
  • If you need a device like a catheter or pacemaker, follow medical advice on how to care for it to avoid infection.

6. Take Care During Medical and Dental Procedures

• Pre-procedure antibiotics: If you have a history of heart conditions or endocarditis, your doctor may recommend antibiotics before dental or medical procedures (e.g., dental cleaning, surgery, endoscopy) to prevent bacteria from entering the bloodstream.

7. Avoid High-Risk Behaviors

• Tattooing and body piercing: If done with unsterile equipment, these can increase the risk of infection.
  • Ensure any tattoo or piercing studio follows proper sterilization procedures.

8. Regular Health Screenings

• If you have risk factors for endocarditis, regular health check-ups and screening can help catch infections or heart problems early. For example, if you have a history of rheumatic fever or heart valve disease, your doctor may monitor your heart regularly.

9. Vaccinations

• Vaccines can help prevent certain infections (such as influenza and pneumonia) that could potentially lead to endocarditis.
  • Make sure to stay up to date with the flu vaccine, pneumococcal vaccine, and other recommended vaccinations.

When to See a Doctor:

If you have any of the following symptoms, especially if you’re at risk, seek immediate medical attention:

• Fever
• Fatigue
• Shortness of breath
• Chest pain
• Swelling in the legs
• Unexplained weight loss