What is a Fumaric Acid?
Fumaric acid is an organic compound with the formula HO₂CCH=CHCO₂H. A white solid, fumaric acid occurs widely in nature.
It has a fruit-like taste and has been used as a food additive. Its E number is E297. The salts and esters are known as fumarates. Fumarate can also refer to the C ₄H ₂O²⁻ ₄ ion.
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Where is fumaric acid found?
Fumaric acid (Fig. 1) is a naturally occurring organic acid. It was first isolated from the plant Fumaria officinalis, from which it derives its name.
Many microorganisms produce fumaric acid in small amounts, as it is a key intermediate in the citrate cycle.
Is fumarate and malic acid same?
Maleic and fumaric acids are both dicarboxylic acids and have the same molecular weight. Nevertheless, they have different structural formulas.
Maleic acid is the cis-(Z)-2-butenedioic acid and fumaric acid is the trans-(E)-2-butenedioic acid (Fig. 1).
Why is fumaric acid more stable than maleic acid?
Because fumaric acid is the trans isomer will have the least stearic hindrance as the carboxylic acid groups will be on the different sides of the double bonds causing the least electronic repulsion. Fumaric acid will be more stable as compared to maleic acid.
Why fumaric acid is insoluble in water?
Fumaric acid is insoluble in water because polar and non-polar molecules usually have weaker interactions than either two polar or two non-polar species.
Which acid is stronger maleic or fumaric?
maleic acid
A strong acid will have a high ionization constant, so the first ionization constant for maleic acid is higher than for fumaric acid.